Saturday, December 09, 2006

Verse 12: Sensual distractions

五色令人目盲,
The five colours make people blind,
五音令人耳聾,
The five sounds make people deaf,
五味令人口爽,
The five flavors make people unable to taste.
馳騁畋獵令人心發狂,
Riding and hunting make hearts wild
難得之貨令人行妨。
Rare goods hinder people's paths.
是以聖人,為腹不為目,
Hence the sagely serve the belly and not the eye,
故去彼取此。
Indeed, taking this and not that.

Comments,
Be pragmatic, and stick to fundamental needs.

Verse 11: The concept of nothing

三十幅共一轂,
Thirty spokes form a wheel hub,
當其無,有車之用。
With nothing (hole in hub), there is a cart to be used.
埏埴以為器,
Mixing clay creates vessels,
當其無,有器之用。
With nothing (inner space), there is a vessel to be used.
鑿戶牖以為室,
Cutting doors and windows make a house,
當其無,有室之用。
With nothing (window and door space), there is a house to be used.
故有之以為利,
Hence, having Something leads to profitability.
無之以為用。
Having Nothing leads to utility.

Comments
This is a philosophy of the principle of invention, a mix of rigidity and flexibility created by a mix of the formed and the formless. The final line can also be interpreted as consuming as much as you need, and that excessive consumption is useless.

Friday, December 08, 2006

Verse 10: Questioning his own teaching

載營魄抱一,能無離乎﹖
Carry the nourishing spirit, keep to the whole without leaving?
專氣致柔,能如嬰兒乎﹖
Concentrate breath till it is soft, such as that of an infant?
滌除玄覽,能無疵乎﹖
Wash away the mysterious view without any flaws?
愛國治民,能無為乎﹖
Love the country, manage the people by non-action?
天門開闔,能為雌乎﹖
Divine doors open and close, and act like a woman?
明白四達,能無知乎 ?
Understand everything in four directions, and not know?
生之,畜之,
These truths are born from (Tao), reared from (Tao)
生而不有;
Create without possessing,
為而不恃;
Be without depending,
長而不宰,
Develop without governing
是謂玄德。
All these are the "Mysterious Virtue"

Comments:
"Divine doors open and close, and act like a woman?"- The ways of heaven and earth move, and one actually sits back doing nothing?

The question form here can be seen as an address to the reader, but I personally think it is self-reflexive. Laozi knows and admits his teachings sound crazy.